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It is generally accepted that preventing growth faltering in infants is clinically beneficial, however observational studies suggest that accelerated growth (upward centile crossing) is associated with long-term adverse
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Two randomized controlled trials showed that children (5-8 years of age) assigned to receive a nutrient-enriched formula during infancy had 22-38% greater fat mass than those assigned to receive a standard formula. Inter
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The intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in the establishment and maintenance of healthy immune responses. Delayed colonisation of the infant gut with commensal bacteria or alterations in the microbiota profile
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The brain undergoes tremendous growth and specialization during early life and into young adulthood. A spurt in brain growth takes place from approximately the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy until 2 years
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Programming, a term coined by Lucas in 1983, is the process whereby a stimulus at a critical period in development has a long term impact on the structure or function of the organism
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The idea that nutrition may act during a critical window early in development to permanently affect, or ‘program’, long-term health first emerged from studies in animals but is now strongly supported in humans.
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The LC-PUFAs docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) occur in high levels in the brain and play a key role in the growth and function of the CNS. However, LC-PUFA synthesis in both the foetus and young
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